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作者

Wenting Ma;Martin de Jong;Thomas Hoppe;Mark de Bruijne

来源

CITIES,Vol.116,Issue1,Article 103269

语言

英文

关键字

City branding;City promotion;City marketing;Progression proposition;Urban governance;China

作者单位

Department of Multi-Actor Systems, Faculty of Technology, Policy & Management, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands;School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China;Rotterdam School of Management & Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA Rotterdam, the Netherlands;Institute for Global Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;Department of Multi-Actor Systems, Faculty of Technology, Policy & Management, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands;School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China;Rotterdam School of Management & Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA Rotterdam, the Netherlands;Institute for Global Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

摘要

City promotion, city marketing and city branding are all frequently mentioned and examined in the literature on urban governance. Based on the goals and characteristics of different city branding strategies, this study identifies a growing level of sophistication from city promotion via city marketing to city branding and proposes that the degree of urban development of cities is positively related to the use of branding strategies. This proposition is tested among 23 Chinese cities: 21 cities in Guangdong province and two in the Special Administrative Regions – Hong Kong and Macao. The results show a positive correlation between the use of city promotion, city marketing and city branding strategies and a city's level of urban development. Only the largest and wealthiest cities, and those with the strongest tertiary sector report on the use of policies which indicate city branding. The strength of the primary sector is significantly and negatively related to all three identified forms of branding strategy. Furthermore, significant positive statistical inter-relationships exist between the different branding strategies, which confirm the existence of complex relations and overlaps between them. Our findings suggest that local governments should align their city branding strategies with their development goals.