Slum upgrading approaches from a social diversity perspective in the global south: Lessons from the Brazil, Kenya and Thailand cases

《Slum upgrading approaches from a social diversity perspective in the global south: Lessons from the Brazil, Kenya and Thailand cases》

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作者单位: Development Planning Unit, University College of London, United Kingdom;Department of Planning and Sustainability, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana;Department of Planning, College of Art and Built Environment, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;Development Planning Unit, University College of London, United Kingdom;Department of Planning and Sustainability, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana;Department of Planning, College of Art and Built Environment, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

摘要: Various slum upgrading interventions have been implemented by numerous institutions to improve conditions of slum residents. It however remains unclear the extent to which the social diversity of slum residents is integrated in slum interventions. This paper thus assesses different slum upgrading approaches and methodologies to ascertain the extent to which they consider residents' diversity. Undertaking comprehensive desk review of relevant literature and adapting Fraser's ‘tripartite’ approach to social justice, the paper analyses three slum upgrading interventions in Kenya, Brazil and Thailand. The paper revealed that interventions in Kenya and Brazil implicitly aimed at ensuring spatial order and hence, focused majorly on physical projects with minimal focus on identifying and incorporating the diverse needs of residents. This resulted in the non- or minimal use of delivered projects. Contrary to this, the diverse needs of residents were considered and adequately reflected in the case of Thailand. The consideration of diversity in the slum upgrading interventions was observed to fundamentally stem from project objectives set by the implementing institutions. The paper concludes that policy interventions to improve conditions of slums should acknowledge the diverse needs of residents and the intersectional nature of the different social identities.