Seasonal variations of park visitor volume and park service area in Tokyo: A mixed-method approach combining big data and field observations

《Seasonal variations of park visitor volume and park service area in Tokyo: A mixed-method approach combining big data and field observations》

打印

作者: ChengHe Guan;Jihoon Song;Michael Keith;Bo Zhang;Yuki Akiyama;Liangjun Da;Ryosuke Shibasaki;Taisei Sato

来源: URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.58,Issue1,Article 126973

语言: 英文

关键字: mobile phone big data;Park visitor volume;Park service area;Seasonal variation;Tokyo;Urban green system

作者单位: New York University Shanghai, China;Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, United States;PEAK Urban, Centre on Migration, Policy and Society, University of Oxford, United Kingdom;School of Management, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), China;Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Tokyo City University, Japan;The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, China;Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Japan;ZENRIN-Datacom CO., LTD., Japan;New York University Shanghai, China;Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, United States;PEAK Urban, Centre on Migration, Policy and Society, University of Oxford, United Kingdom;School of Management, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), China;Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Tokyo City University, Japan;The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, China;Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Japan;ZENRIN-Datacom CO., LTD., Japan

摘要: Urban green and open space are important components of achieving the goal of planning sustainable cities, by offering health benefits to urban dwellers and providing socio-economic and environmental benefits to society. Recent literature studied the usage of urban parks, however, few has addressed seasonal fluctuations of park visitor volume, let alone seasonal variations of home-park travel distances and park service areas. This paper not only empirically shows the seasonal variations of park visits but also examines links between the park visit patterns and spatial characteristics of the case parks. Applying spatial analysis methods to location data of over 1 million anonymous mobile phone samples collected from January to December 2011, we analyzed the seasonal variations in six medium-sized urban parks, of which size falls under the category of ‘district parks,’ in central Tokyo. We also conducted content analysis of a Japanese place review website to understand visitor perceptions of the case parks. On the other hand, park spatial characteristics data were collected and summarized through various ways including field observation and satellite image analysis. The results show that (1) while notable seasonal variations of park visitor volume and park service area existed in all case parks, the degree of variation also differed from park to park; (2) spatial characteristics of parks were closely interlinked to seasonal cultural events, to visitor perceptions, and consequently to seasonal fluctuations of the park visit patterns. Lessons learned from the policy perspective include highly diverse user groups visit these medium-sized urban parks than what the typical guidelines assume, and seasonal patterns of their visits considerably vary from park to park, interacting with spatial characteristics of the parks. Hence, the urban park planning process should consider specific and detailed characteristics of parks and allocate resources to respond to dynamic park visit patterns beyond generic guidelines.