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作者

来源

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH,Vol.41,Issue6,P.997-1009

语言

英文

关键字

human capital; entrepreneurship; regional growth; creativity; USA; GRADUATE MIGRATION BEHAVIOR; SELF-EMPLOYMENT; REGIONAL-DEVELOPMENT; LAGGING REGIONS; OECD COUNTRIES; INNOVATION; AMENITIES; EUROPE; CHOICE; DETERMINANTS

作者单位

[Faggian, Alessandra] Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Social Sci, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Partridge, Mark] Ohio State Univ, Dept Agr Environm & Dev Econ, 2120 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Malecki, Edward J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, 1036 Derby Hall,154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Faggian, A (reprint author), Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Social Sci, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. E-Mail: alessandra.faggian@gssi.it; markd.partridge@gmail.com; malecki.4@osu.edu

摘要

Scholars and policymakers interested in the growth and prosperity of regions have long recognized that talent and knowledge are fundamental. Yet the question is what types of talent are needed in a growing twenty-first-century economy: human capital, creativity and innovation, or entrepreneurship? The latter we define broadly to include any type of risk taking, and not only radical innovation. The literature does not clearly point to one factor as being the most essential. This study assesses this question separately for rural and urban United States (US) counties. We find that human capital--measured by educational attainment--is considerably more conducive to employment growth than the share of creative occupations. Likewise, the share of small and medium businesses is also very conducive to local growth, although this does not apply to the self-employment share. Rural and urban areas experience similar patterns, although the magnitude thereof tends to be larger for urban counties, whereas high-technology employment share has had a positive effect in rural areas. Policy conclusions suggest that enhancing small business development and increasing educational attainment are the two strategies that are most likely to succeed.