《Understanding the transport and CO2 impacts of on-demand meal deliveries: A London case study》
打印
- 作者
- Julian Allen;Maja Piecyk;Tom Cherrett;Muhammad Nabil Juhari;Fraser McLeod;Marzena Piotrowska;Oliver Bates;Tolga Bektas;Kostas Cheliotis;Adrian Friday;Sarah Wise
- 来源
- CITIES,Vol.108,Issue1,Article 102973
- 语言
- 英文
- 关键字
- Ready-to-eat;Delivery;Urban;On-demand;Meals;Platform providers
- 作者单位
- Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, University of Westminster, London NW1 5LS, UK;Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK;Management School, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZH, UK;Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, University of Westminster, London NW1 5LS, UK;Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK;Management School, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZH, UK;Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- 摘要
- The rise of the on-demand economy has led to a rapid increase in the delivery of meals from restaurants and fast food outlets by delivery drivers (DDs) using bicycles, mopeds and cars, with newly-established platform providers handling order and payment processing and, in many cases, the co-ordination of these deliveries. Little is currently understood about the collective transport impacts of such activity in urban centres and to what extent this poses challenges for transport policymakers. The paper provides an international review of market growth in this sector together with insight into key topics associated with its freight delivery operations in urban areas. Using a substantial database of meal deliveries made in London by a major platform provider, this paper quantifies the operational performance of these deliveries and their transport and environmental impacts. On average, 9.6 deliveries were undertaken by a DD daily, with each taking 25 min from pickup to delivery with an average trip length, from restaurant to customer of 2.2 km (1.4 miles) a DD travelling 41.3 km (25.7 miles) in total per day, The analysis of the case study indicates the relative transport inefficiency of these on-demand meal deliveries compared to other forms of urban road freight (with a meal delivered by car being responsible for approximately 1300 times the distance travelled by an articulated HGV operation per tonne delivered). It also highlights the far greater GHG emissions and transport intensity associated with meals deliveries by cars and petrol mopeds compared to bicycles (emitting 5 and 11 times more GHGs per meal delivered than bicycles, respectively).The transport and GHG emissions intensity of these meal deliveries raises important policy issues, especially given therapid growth in the provision of, and demand for, these services internationally, Based on the review and analysis, the paper provides a discussion of the key issues that urban policymakers around the world need to take account of in relation to this fast-growing sector including vehicle fuel sources, road safety, trip generation rates and their impacts on local residents, together with recommended actions.