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作者

来源

ENVIRONMENT AND URBANIZATION,Vol.29,Issue2,P.443-458

语言

英文

关键字

disaster response; emergent groups; participation; social capital; volunteering

作者单位

[Twigg, John] Overseas Dev Inst, London, England. [Twigg, John] UCL, London, England. [Mosel, Irina] ODI, HPG, London, England. Twigg, J (reprint author), Overseas Dev Inst, Risk & Resilience Programme, 203 Blackfriars Rd, London SE1 8NJ, England. E-Mail: j.twigg@odi.org.uk; i.mosel@odi.org.uk

摘要

Spontaneous responses by self-organizing, emergent voluntary groups and individuals are a common feature of urban disasters. Their activities include search and rescue, transporting and distributing relief supplies, and providing food and drink to victims and emergency workers. However, informal actors are rarely incorporated into formal disaster and humanitarian planning. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the nature and scale of emergent activity around the world, its impact in the short and long terms, challenges associated with it in different contexts, and lessons for future urban humanitarian practice.