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作者

来源

HABITAT INTERNATIONAL,Vol.75,P.59-66

语言

英文

关键字

Informality; Urban development; Urban governance; Urban policy; New urban agenda; Global south; STATE SERVICE-PROVIDERS; MIDDLE-CLASS; POLITICAL-ECONOMY; PUBLIC-SERVICES; COPRODUCTION; URBANIZATION; GOVERNANCE; ENGAGEMENT; GOVERNMENTALITY; TRANSFORMATION

作者单位

[Alfaro d'Alercon, Paola] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Architektur, Fak 6, Sekr A53,Str 17 Juni 152, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Alfaro d'Alercon, Paola] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Los Navegantes 1963, Santiago, Chile. [Smith, Harry] Heriot Watt Univ, Urban Inst, Sch Energy Geosci Infrastruct & Soc, Ctr Environm & Human Settlements, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. [Alvarez de Andres, Eva] Univ Politecn Madrid, Escuela Tecn Super Arquitectura, Ave Juan de Herrera 4, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Cabrera, Cecilia] Univ Buenos Aires, Inst Super Urbanismo Terr & Ambiente, Fac Arquitectura Diseno & Urbanism, Paraguay 1327 7 1057, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Fokdal, Josefine] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Urban Planning & Design, Dept Int Urbanism, Kepler Str 11, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. [Lombard, Melanie] Univ Sheffield, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Mazzolini, Anna] Aarhus Univ, Anthropol Dept, Moesgard Alle 20, DK-8270 Hojbjerg, Denmark. [Michelutti, Enrico] VialeTrieste 186, I-33043 Cividale Del Friuli, UD, Italy. [Moretto, Luisa] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Architecture, 19 Pl Flagey, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Spire, Amandine] Univ Paris Diderot, UMR CESSMA, Case courtier 7017,Batiment Olympe de Gouges, F-75205 Paris 13, France. Smith, H (reprint author), Heriot Watt Univ, Urban Inst, Sch Energy Geosci Infrastruct & Soc, Ctr Environm & Human Settlements, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. E-Mail: paola.alfarodalencon@tu-berlin.de; h.c.smith@hw.ac.uk; eva.alvarez@upm.es; ceciliac1@yahoo.com; josefine.fokdal@si.uni-stuttgart.de; m.b.lombard@sheffield.ac.uk; anna.mazzolini@cas.au.dk; enrico.michelutti@catunesco.upc.edu; Luisa.Moretto@ulb.ac.be; amandine.spire@univ-paris-diderot.fr

摘要

Informality is growing in a context of increasing inequity, and in many places becoming the norm. However, despite decades of studies and interventions, 'recognising informality' is still a key issue. This paper provides a review of the literature on informality showing the shifts in its conceptualisations. The paper firstly discusses conceptual approaches related to the term 'informality' in the context of urban development; it then examines practices within, and related to, informality; and it concludes with an appraisal of policy approaches and their impact as reported in the literature. The paper finds a wide range of conceptualisations, including the questioning of the usefulness and appropriateness of the term. It finds reported evidence of 'informality' (as understood to date) spreading to the middle classes, and increasingly emerging in the Global North. Policies seem to be lagging behind in how they engage with so-called informality, with little acknowledgement of theory and limited understanding of their impacts on 'informal' practices. Finally, the paper identifies the need for better understanding of governance frameworks that include the range of actors that would normally be associated with so-called 'informality'.