Intercity Passenger Rails: Facilitating the Spatial Spillover Effects of Population and Employment Growth in the United States, 2000-2010

《Intercity Passenger Rails: Facilitating the Spatial Spillover Effects of Population and Employment Growth in the United States, 2000-2010》

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来源: JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT,Vol.144,Issue4

语言: 英文

关键字: Intercity passenger rail; Transportation; Population change; Employment change; Spatial econometrics; Spatial spillover effect; HIGH-SPEED RAIL; METROPOLITAN GROWTH; LOCAL-POPULATION; GREAT-PLAINS; HIGHWAY; IMPACTS; TRANSPORTATION; ACCESSIBILITY; RAILROAD

作者单位: [Kasu, Bishal Bhakta] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Agron Hort & Plant Sci, 1390 Coll Ave, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Chi, Guangqing] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr Econ Sociol & Educ, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chi, Guangqing] Penn State Univ, Populat Res Inst, Computat & Spatial Anal Core, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chi, Guangqing] Penn State Univ, Social Sci Res Inst, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Chi, GQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Agr Econ Sociol & Educ, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Chi, GQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Populat Res Inst, Computat & Spatial Anal Core, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Chi, GQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Social Sci Res Inst, 112E Armsby, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. E-Mail: bbkasu@gmail.com; gchi@psu.edu

摘要: This research examines the association that intercity passenger rails have with population and employment growth at the county level in the continental United States from 2000 to 2010. This research adopts an integrated spatial regression approach that incorporates both spatial lag and spatial error dependence. The data come from the US Census Bureau, the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, the Land Developability Index, and the National Atlas of the United States. Population change and employment change are regressed on intercity passenger rails, controlling for 14 socioeconomic variables. Intercity passenger rails are measured by the number of intercity passenger rail terminals in each county. The results suggest that the associations that intercity passenger rails have with population and employment change are both direct and indirect. Intercity passenger rails have a negative and direct association with population and employment change from 2000 to 2010. The Great Recession during this period may have compelled people to move out of their home county in search of jobs; having intercity passenger rails facilitated this process. The results also indicate that intercity passenger rails have a positive and indirect association with population and employment change. Population change and employment change in one county affect population and employment in adjacent counties. This indirect association shows the spatial spillover effect of population and employment growth through passenger rails. The indirect association does not come from within the county; rather, it is a disperse effect from neighbors. This research suggests that intercity passenger rails, although built long ago, still play an important role in facilitating the spread of change and the integration of local communities into a larger regional economy. (C) 2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.