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作者

来源

LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING,Vol.179,P.55-62

语言

英文

关键字

GIS; Remote sensing; Land use; Land cover; Urban form; Urban materials; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; LAND-COVER; RECONCEPTUALIZING LAND; SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY; METROPOLITAN-AREA; CELLULAR-AUTOMATA; THERMAL COMFORT; CITIES; HETEROGENEITY; FRAMEWORK

作者单位

[Wentz, Elizabeth A.; Conrow, Lindsey; Fischer, Heather] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. [York, Abigail M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ USA. [Alberti, Marina] Univ Washington, Dept Urban Design & Planning, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Inostroza, Luis] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Geog, Bochum, Germany. [Inostroza, Luis] Univ Autonoma Chile, Providencia, Chile. [Jantz, Claire] Shippensburg Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA. [Pickett, Steward T. A.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Seto, Karen C.] Yale Univ, Yale Sch Forestry & Environm Studios, New Haven, CT USA. [Taubenboeck, Hannes] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr DFD, Oberpfaffenhofen Wesslin, Germany. Wentz, EA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. E-Mail: wentz@asu.edu

摘要

Urbanization is currently one of the most profound transformations taking place across the globe influencing the flows of people, energy, and matter. The urban form influences and is influenced by these flows and is therefore critical in understanding and how urban areas affect and are affected by form. Nevertheless, there is a lack of uniformity in how urban form is analyzed. Urban form analyzed from a continuum of a simple urban versus non-urban classification to highly detailed representations of land use and land cover. Either end of the representation spectrum limits the ability to analyze within-urban dynamics, to make cross-city comparisons, and to produce generalizable results. In the framework of remote sensing and geospatial analysis, we identify and define six fundamental aspects of urban form, which are organized within three overarching components. Materials, or the physical elements of the urban landscape, consists of three aspects (1) human constructed elements, (2) the soil-plant continuum, and (3) water elements. The second component is configuration, which includes the (4) two- and three-dimensional space and (5) spatial pattern of urban areas. Lastly, because of the dynamics of human activities and biophysical processes, an important final component is the change of urban form over (6) time. We discuss how a this urban form framework integrates into a broader discussion of urbanization.