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作者

来源

HOUSING POLICY DEBATE,Vol.28,Issue6,P.901-919

语言

英文

关键字

growth management; land-use zoning; local; municipalities; regulation; smart growth; state; MANDATES; PLANS

作者单位

[Pendall, Rolf] Urban Inst, Metropolitan Housing & Commun Policy Ctr, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Wegmann, Jake] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Architecture, Commun & Reg Planning, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Martin, Jonathan] Pratt Inst, Grad Ctr Planning, Brooklyn, NY 11205 USA. [Wei, Dehui] Univ Oregon, Dept Planning Publ Policy & Management, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Wegmann, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Sch Architecture, Commun & Reg Planning, Austin, TX 78712 USA. E-Mail: rpendall@urban.org; jagw@utexas.edu; jmarti18@pratt.edu; dehuiw@hotmail.com

摘要

Amid concerns that increasingly stringent local land-use regulations are constraining housing development across the United States, there is a need for an empirical investigation into whether, how, and where such regulations are being enacted. In this article, we report the results of a nationwide (n = 728 jurisdictions, representing almost a quarter of the U.S. population) survey of local land-use regulation, unprecedented for having been conducted at two distinct points in time (1994 and 2003). Using descriptive statistics and logistic modeling, we arrive at four main findings. First, we find that regulations are in flux to an underappreciated degree, being frequently enacted but also often abandoned. Second, we find a strong regional orientation to the use of certain regulatory tools. Third, we find more evidence in support of land-use regulations being used to solve local problems than to intentionally exclude new residents. Finally, we find that high levels of education are frequently associated with the use of tools that have a redistributive or proaffordable housing intent.