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作者

来源

CITY & COMMUNITY,Vol.17,Issue4,P.1051-1074

语言

英文

关键字

HOMICIDE TRAJECTORIES; RECENT TRENDS; COMMUNITY; CHICAGO; DECLINE; HEALTH; NEIGHBORHOODS; SYMPTOMS; PLACES; IMPACT

作者单位

[Papachristos, Andrew V.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Sociol, Sociol, Evanston, IL USA. [Papachristos, Andrew V.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Sociol, Inst Policy Res, Evanston, IL USA. [Brazil, Noli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Human Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheng, Tony] Yale Univ, Dept Sociol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cheng, Tony] NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Papachristos, AV (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Sociol, 1810 Chicago Ave, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. E-Mail: avp@northwestern.edu

摘要

The United States has experienced an unprecedented decline in violent crime over the last two decades. Throughout this decline, however, violent crime continued to concentrate in socially and economically disadvantaged urban neighborhoods. Using detailed homicide records from 1990 to 2010, this study examines the spatial patterning of violent crime in Chicago to determine whether or not all neighborhoods experienced decreases in violence. We find that while in absolute terms nearly all neighborhoods in the city benefited from reductions in homicide, relative inequality in crime between the city's safest and most dangerous neighborhoods actually increased by 10 percent. This increase was driven by a greater rate of decline in the city's safest neighborhoods. This crime gap can be partly attributed to the decreasing association between concentrated disadvantage and homicide in the safest neighborhoods. We also find that the decline did not significantly alter the spatial distribution of crime, as homicides remained concentrated in the initially most dangerous neighborhoods and their adjacent areas.