Understanding urban sub-centers with heterogeneity in agglomeration economies-Where do emerging commercial establishments locate?

《Understanding urban sub-centers with heterogeneity in agglomeration economies-Where do emerging commercial establishments locate?》

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关键字: Employment sub-centers; Land-use; CBD; Agglomeration; Heterogeneity; LAND-USE PATTERNS; EMPLOYMENT SUBCENTERS; SPATIAL STRUCTURE; POLYCENTRIC CITY; POPULATION; CITIES; PERFORMANCE; SHANGHAI; DISTANCE; DENSITY

作者单位: [Yang, Tianren; Jin, Ying] Univ Cambridge, Dept Architecture, Martin Ctr Architectural & Urban Studies, Cambridge CB2 1PX, England. [Pan, Haozhi; Hewings, Geoffrey] Univ Illinois, Reg Econ Applicat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Pan, HZ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Reg Econ Applicat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. E-Mail: ty290@cam.ac.uk; hpan8@illinois.edu; hewings@illinois.edu; yj242@cam.ac.uk

摘要: This paper investigates the formation of employment sub-centers from a new perspective of heterogeneity in agglomeration economies. Using highly granular commercial and residential land-use data (2001-2011) in Chicago, we measure how the locations of jobs, population, quality-of-life amenities, and transportation networks shape specific and heterogenous sub-centers. First, the results suggest that the CBD as it was traditionally defined is no longer the primary source of agglomeration externalities for the new economic sectors; sub-centers with sector-specific positive agglomeration externalities have stronger correlations with new commercial establishments. Secondly, residents appear to give the highest weight to quality-of-life amenities in choosing where to live. Both trends imply dis-incentives for CBD agglomeration. These findings connect the heterogeneous production theories with land use planning and urban design, through new empirical insights into how urban sub-centers grow. Furthermore, we put forward a method for forecasting of future sub-center growth through measuring changes in the probability of commercial development, and discuss its practical implications for planning and design in Chicago.