Comparative analysis of standardized indicators for Smart sustainable cities: What indicators and standards to use and when?

《Comparative analysis of standardized indicators for Smart sustainable cities: What indicators and standards to use and when?》

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作者

来源: CITIES,Vol.89,P.141-153

语言: 英文

关键字: Urban indicator; Smart sustainable cities; Standardization; Monitoring; Decision making; Sustainable Development Goals; URBAN; FUTURE; DASHBOARDS; RANKING; SYSTEMS

作者单位: [Huovila, Aapo] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland. [Bosch, Peter] TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Airaksinen, Miimu] Finnish Assoc Civil Engineers RIL, Helsinki, Finland. [Bosch, Peter] TNO, POB 80015, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Airaksinen, Miimu] Lapinlandenkatu 1 B, Helsinki 00180, Finland. Huovila, A (reprint author), VTT, Vuorimiehentie 3,POB 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland. E-Mail: aapo.huovila@vtt.fi; peter.bosch@tno.nl; miimu.airaksinen@ril.fi

摘要: City managers need indicators for target setting, performance assessment, monitoring, management and decision-making purposes. The choice of the most suitable indicator framework is crucial, but difficult, as it requires expert knowledge. To help cities in their choice, this paper compares seven recently published indicator standards for Smart sustainable cities. A taxonomy was developed to evaluate each of their 413 indicators against five conceptual urban focuses (types of urban sustainability and smartness), ten sectoral application domains (energy, transport, ICT, economy, etc.) and five indicator types (input, process, output, outcome, impact). The results clearly discriminate between indicator standards suited for evaluating the implementation of predominantly smart city approaches versus standards more focused on sustainability assessment. A further distinction is possible in standards almost fully oriented towards impacts reached, and standards that allow for progress evaluation according to steps in the implementation process. Some standards provide a narrow focus on output indicators evaluating the progress in implementing smart urban ICT solutions (e.g. number of smart meters installed). Cities are encouraged to complement such evaluations with impact indicators that demonstrate the effects of those solutions. This paper provides guidance for city managers and policy makers to select the indicators and standard that best correspond to their assessment need and goals, and align with their stage in Smart sustainable city implementation.