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作者

Winarso, Haryo

来源

JOURNAL OF HOUSING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT,Vol.37,Issue2,P.

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

摘要

Since the 1970s, slums and squatters upgrading programs have been in the discussion of scholars. The main question addressed is to what extent the programs contribute to the improvement of slum dwellers' livelihood. Based on a longitudinal study on such programs in Bandung, this study aims to compare the' programs' result on five productive assets of the community five years or more after the project completion.In Bandung, at the beginning, the programs were focused on physical improvements based on the assumption that if the physical condition is good and the tenure security is improved, then the people will help themselves. The reality, however, was different; there were no significant achievements in poverty reduction. The second generation incorporated social concern through participatory planning. The third generation attempted to improve the quality of life of squatters or slum dwellers by improving the physical condition of the slums and squatters and the dwellers' social and economic conditions after project completion.The paper argues that while the first generation of slum upgrading did not show any direct significant contribution to poverty reduction (both during and by the end of project life), the physical facilities that it developed, (which are of much better qualities and thus last much longer than facilities built in the second and third generation), indirectly enable the social economic improvement of slum-dwellers in the long term.