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作者

来源

来源 JOURNAL OF URBAN ECONOMICS,Vol.73,P.123-136

语言

英文

关键字

D61;F12;Q54;Q58;R12;Greenhouse gas;Commuting costs;Transport costs;Cities

作者单位

INRA, UMR1302 SMART, 35000 Rennes, France"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff2;Université Laval, CREATE, Québec, Canada"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff3;GATE Lyon-Saint-Etienne; Université de Lyon, France"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff4;Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff5;CORE, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff6;CREA, Université du Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}]},{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff7;CEPR, United Kingdom"}]},{"#name":"correspondence","$":{"id":"cor1;INRA, UMR1302 SMART, 35000 Rennes, France"}]},"aff2":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff2;Université Laval, CREATE, Québec, Canada"}]},"aff3":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff3;GATE Lyon-Saint-Etienne; Université de Lyon, France"}]},"aff4":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff4;Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France"}]},"aff5":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff5;CORE, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium"}]},"aff6":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff6;CREA, Université du Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}]},"aff7":{"#name":"affiliation","$":{"id":"aff7;CEPR, United Kingdom"}]}},"correspondences":{"cor1":{"#name":"correspondence","$":{"id":"cor1

摘要

There is a wide consensus among international institutions and national governments in favor of compact (i.e. densely populated) cities as a way to improve the ecological performance of the transport system. Indeed, when both the intercity and intra-urban distributions of activities are given, a higher population density makes cities more environmentally friendly because the average commuting length is reduced. However, when we account for the possible relocation of activities within and between cities in response to a higher population density, the latter may cease to hold. Indeed, an increasing-density policy affects prices, wages and land rents, which in turn incentivizes firms and households to change place. This reshapes the urban system in a way that may generate a higher level of pollution. Thus, although an increase in compactness is environmentally desirable when locations are given, compactness may not be environmentally-friendly when one accounts for the general equilibrium effects generated by such a policy.