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作者

Adam Okulicz-Kozaryn;Rubia R. Valente

来源

CITIES,Vol.131,Issue1,Article 103945

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

Dept of Public Policy & Adm, Rutgers, 401 Cooper St, Camden, NJ 08102, United States of America;Baruch College, City University of New York, 135 East 22nd St, 422, New York, NY 10010, United States of America;Dept of Public Policy & Adm, Rutgers, 401 Cooper St, Camden, NJ 08102, United States of America;Baruch College, City University of New York, 135 East 22nd St, 422, New York, NY 10010, United States of America;Department of Public Finance and Infrastructure Policy, Vienna University of Technology, Austria;Research Unit of Urban and Regional Studies, Vienna University of Technology, Austria;School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Sir John Laing Building, Room No. JL141, Coventry University, Priory St, Coventry, West Midlands CV1 5FB, United Kingdom;School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Sir John Laing Building, Coventry University, Priory St, Coventry, West Midlands CV1 5FB, United Kingdom;National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Technology Management, No 101, Sec. 2, Kuang- Fu Rd, 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan;Suffolk University, Sawyer Business School, 73 Tremont Street, Boston, MA 02108, United States of America;Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Mobility, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Munji-ro 193, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea;Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628 CE Delft, the Netherlands;Department of Civil Environmental Engineering, Southern Methodist University, United States of America;Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, United States of America;Hunt Institute for Engineering and Humanity, Southern Methodist University, United States of America;Nord University;NIBR/Oslo Metropolitan University

摘要

We use pooled US General Social Survey (GSS, 1972–2016) data to study the effect of urbanism on misanthropy (distrust and dislike of humankind). Evolution (small group living), homophily or ingroup preference, and classic urban sociological theory suggest that misanthropy should develop in the most dense and heterogeneous places, such as large cities. Our results mostly agree: misanthropy is highest in cities with a population larger than several hundred thousand people, and the effect size of urbanicity is about half of that of income. Yet, the rural advantage is disappearing—from 1990 to 2010, misanthropy has increased fastest in the smallest places (<10k). One possible reason is that smaller places have been left behind, and rural resentment has increased. This is only the second quantitative study on the urbanicity-misanthropy nexus and more research is needed. Results may not be generalized outside of the US.