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作者

Arthur Acolin;Marja C. Hoek-Smit;Claudia Magalhães Eloy

来源

HABITAT INTERNATIONAL,Vol.83,P.99-110

语言

英文

关键字

Affordable housing;Social housing;Housing program;Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida;Integrated urban development;Delinquency rate

作者单位

Real Estate Department, College of Built Environments, University of Washington, United States;Real Estate Department, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, United States;Consultant and Independent Researcher, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;Real Estate Department, College of Built Environments, University of Washington, United States;Real Estate Department, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, United States;Consultant and Independent Researcher, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

摘要

Brazil's main housing program, Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV), has contracted the construction of over 3 million housing units since 2009, providing access to homeownership for low and middle-income households through a combination of credit, subsidies and guarantees. In this paper, we analyze disaggregated delinquency information at the project level for the section of the program that serves households in the lowest income range (Faixa 1). Our analysis of program performance in six metropolitan regions shows an overall level of delinquency of 28% as of the end of 2015. We identify four hypotheses to explain this elevated level of delinquency: the peripheral location of the units, insufficient income to cover ongoing costs, moral hazard in the management of the program, and organized crime in some projects. Our analysis shows that in 4 of the 6 regions, low-income projects in peripheral locations exhibit substantially higher non-payment levels and that lower income households have higher levels of delinquency. Based on our analysis, we recommend modifications to program design, including the inclusion of location criteria in subsidy scaling. The findings provide evidence of the limits of MCMV Faixa 1's approach to solving Brazilian low-income housing needs and contribute to an emerging body of literature pointing to the importance of location in housing programs.