A balancing act: Biodiversity and human wellbeing considerations in the management of urban forest in a global biodiversity hotspot

《A balancing act: Biodiversity and human wellbeing considerations in the management of urban forest in a global biodiversity hotspot》

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作者: Dawn C. Dickinson;Cristina E. Ramalho

来源: URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.74,Issue1,Article 127656

语言: 英文

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作者单位: School of Biological Sciences (M090), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;School of Biological Sciences (M090), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;University of Minnesota, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, 1420 Eckles Ave #190, St. Paul 55108, MN, United States;Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan;National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States;UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;Center for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;InBIO-Rede de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, CIBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairao, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairao, Portugal;Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;NeuroLandscape Foundation, Suwalska 8/78, 03-252 Warsaw, Poland;Centre for Public Administration and Public Policies (CAPP), Institute of Social and Political Sciences (ISCSP), University of Lisboa, 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal;Institute of Sociology of the University of Porto (ISUP), Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto (FLUP), s / n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal;Center for Transdisciplinary Research «Culture, Space and Memory» (CITCEM), Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto (FLUP), Via Panorâmica Edgar Cardoso s/n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal;Politecnico di Torino, Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning (DIST), Viale Mattioli 39, 10125 Torino, Italy;Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QUT Design Lab, Brisbane, Australia;Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Digital Media Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia;School of Design, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;Review"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"The discourses, opportunities, and constraints in Canberra’s Green Infrastructure planning"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"rev","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0055"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"Nowadays, Australian state and local governments consider Green Infrastructure (GI) planning as a mitigation and adaptation approach to make cities more resilient. Moreover, decision-makers have acknowledged and addressed social values, biodiversity, and habitat connectivity in policy documents. Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), is a unique Australian city since it is totally designed as the National Capital of Australia and is built on a grassland plain, inspired by the Garden City concept. The green and open spaces have a symbolic value, representing Canberra as the national capital. However, Canberra is experiencing increasing urban development pressure, which threatens its green and open spaces. Thus, it is critical to explore the GI status in governance and decision-making in Canberra to guide its future planning. This research explores ten policy documents using a reflexive analysis to interpretatively critique policy documents and to diagnose the existing opportunities and constraints in Canberra’s GI planning. The documents were selected from 4 main defined scopes, Australian Government land-use responsibilities, ACT Government land-use planning and strategy, ACT Government greenspace planning, and Tree management regulations and mechanisms. This research identified dual governance (national/territory) and dual nature character (native/exotic) in the policy documents, which has intensified the complexity of GI planning. Another constraint was the lack of district level planning and a structured bottom-up approach. More flexibility in governance and collaboration between different governance levels and agencies is needed to make a more effective GI network, using the existing opportunities such as open space systems. Although GI principles have been addressed at Canberra’s strategic level, more comprehensive GI planning is needed to address all types of greenspaces."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722001716/pdfft?md5=585d501bacb22509f49382fe54a4422d&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722001716-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"74","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"},{"pii":"S1618866722002126","journalTitle":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","publicationYear":"2022","volumeSupText":"Volume 74","articleNumber":"127669","pageRange":"127669","trace-token":"AAAAQGg-Q53MTiazxoVELOJiBAlU7QSIXcgyz2gsBx3g-Ma3Wa4-dEnCMLajjIhEqezOP6HoRtRSHSZxpVt1LzQDSkrdr9YJbdNJgUfJ2oHXCcc6zKGkZg","authors":{"content":[{"#name":"author-group","$":{"id":"ag0005"},"$$":[{"#name":"author","$":{"id":"au0005","author-id":"S1618866722002126-88186fd3648b43ff575f2258d2964e8c"},"$$":[{"#name":"given-name","_":"Elise;Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia;Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;Movement and Nutrition for Health and Performance Research Group, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;Short communication"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"Adolescents’ perceptions of park characteristics that discourage park visitation"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"sco","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0040"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"Parks are key amenities of liveable cities that support physical activity and social interaction. However, parks are often not well attended by adolescents, and little is known about what park characteristics may discourage adolescents from visiting parks. The aim of this study was to explore what park characteristics adolescents perceive as most likely to discourage park visitation. Adolescents (n = 444, 13–18 years, 53% female) from seven schools in diverse areas of Melbourne, Australia completed an online survey at school. In response to an open-ended question, participants listed three park characteristics that would most likely discourage their park visitation. Content analysis was performed to determine categories of park characteristics from the coded responses. The six most frequently stated park characteristics that would discourage park visitation related to: play equipment (e.g., small/children’s playgrounds, no play equipment, no swings; 44% of participants mentioned the category at least once); social factors (e.g., crowded parks, presence of undesirable people; 32%); natural environment (e.g., small/no grassy space, large grassy open space; 28%); maintenance (e.g., dirty facilities, rubbish; 23%); sport/recreation features (e.g., skate park; 20%); and amenities (e.g., no shade, toilets, drink taps; 19%). To encourage more adolescents to increasingly visit parks, it is imperative for stakeholders to address the park features that they perceive as unappealing to ensure that park design caters to this important age group."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722002126/pdfft?md5=f884e81de81ce1765f494bbd7d55b6a2&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722002126-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"74","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"}]},"references":{"content":[{"#name":"bibliography","$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:aep":true,"xmlns:mml":true,"xmlns:xs":true,"xmlns:xlink":true,"xmlns:xocs":true,"xmlns:tb":true,"xmlns:xsi":true,"xmlns:cals":true,"xmlns:sb":true,"xmlns:sa":true,"xmlns:ja":true,"xmlns":true,"id":"bibliog0005","view":"all"},"$$":[{"#name":"section-title","$":{"id":"sect0110"},"_":"References

摘要: Environmental and urban forest managers in cities located in highly biodiverse regions may need to balance biodiversity conservation with the provision of ecosystem services to people. However, striking this balance is not easy and many competing factors influence the decision-making process. Set in the Perth Metropolitan Area, located in the global biodiversity hotspot of the Southwestern Australia Floristic Province, this study aimed to understand: (i) the extent to which a benefits-oriented approach is used by local governments to optimise biodiversity and human wellbeing urban forest outcomes, and (ii) what other factors influence the decision-making process shaping urban forest composition. Using a social-ecological framework, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 29 local government practitioners. We found that biodiversity conservation is actively considered in the planning and management of urban forest in natural areas and parks, but rarely in streetscapes. Maximising shade and cooling, and to a lesser extent enhancing sense of place, were the key benefits actively sought in streetscapes. Parks appeared to straddle the middle ground as areas with most flexibility to accommodate multiple biodiversity and human wellbeing benefits. Yet, benefits were only some of a multitude of social-ecological factors influencing the decision-making process shaping urban forest composition. In particular, streetscapes were affected by a large number of social and political factors (e.g., perceived risk and nuisance, ad-hoc decisions by elected members), many of them leading to suboptimal urban forest outcomes. For a benefits-oriented approach to prevail in complex and contested urban spaces it is important that the decision-making process is evidence-informed and capable of handling the challenges and conflicts that are likely to arise. Reactive decision-making results in a conservative, “safe” species palette that over time defines streetscapes by what they do not do (creating disservices) rather than what they do (delivering multiple biodiversity and wellbeing benefits), which ultimately is not a desired outcome in the context of an increasingly urbanized world.