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作者

Melanie A. Sifton;Perlina Lim;Sandy M. Smith;Sean C. Thomas

来源

URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.74,Issue1,Article 127652

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

Institute of Forestry and Conservation, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto M5S 3B3, Canada;Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;Institute of Forestry and Conservation, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto M5S 3B3, Canada;Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;USDA Forest Service/Davey Institute, Davey Tree Expert Company, 5 Moon Library, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;US Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, WI 53562, USA;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Engineering Hall, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53716, USA;Wayne State University, College of Engineering, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;US Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 5840 Enterprise Drive, Lansing, MI 48911, USA;University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point, College of Natural Resources, Room 278 Trainer Natural Resources Building, Stevens Point, WI 54481, USA;Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis, 5 Moon Library, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;Department of Systems Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic;Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Kaplanova 1931/1, 148 00 Prague 11-Chodov, Czech Republic;The Martin Centre for Architecture, Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, UK;Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;Urban Forest Ecosystems Institute, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;West Coast Arborists (WCA), Anaheim, CA 92806, USA;Social Sciences Department, California Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;Department of Economics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;Graduate Program in Sustainability Science – Global Leadership Initiative (GPSS-GLI), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan;International University of Health and Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, Narita, Japan;Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;Institute for the Advanced Studies of Sustainability (UNU-IAS), United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan;University of Minnesota, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, 1420 Eckles Ave #190, St. Paul 55108, MN, United States

摘要

The use of biochar with N-fixing species has been shown to enhance productivity of agricultural systems, both in N-fixing crops, as well as in mixed-species systems. Here we investigate the potential for the use of a granulated mixed conifer biochar and a sugar maple biochar in combination with N-fixing companion plants in an urban forestry context. A factorial greenhouse experiment compared growth responses in silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) saplings planted with two biochar types as soil amendments, alone and in combination with two N-fixing plant companions (Trifolium repens L. and Dalea purpurea Vent.). Both biochar types enhanced tree growth; however, a maple feedstock biochar resulted in greater increases than a granulated conifer-feedstock biochar. N-fixing companion species also increased tree growth, although the faster-growing Trifolium reduced soil moisture content and reduced sapling growth in the absence of biochar. The highest tree growth performance and total N uptake was obtained with a combination of both biochar and N-fixing plants, with a ~30 % increase in biomass compared to controls for the granulated conifer biochar, and a ~55 % increase for the maple biochar. We conclude that biochar additions in combination with N-fixing companion species have considerable promise in an urban forestry context, but that optimization of the system in terms of biochar type and species combination is an important consideration.