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作者

Christina A. Breed

来源

URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.74,Issue1,Article 127626

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

Department of Architecture, University of Pretoria, Bag X 20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;Department of Architecture, University of Pretoria, Bag X 20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, PR China;Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto – Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada;Geospatial Sciences, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Victoria 3001, Australia;School of Tourism and Geography Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;School of Design, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;Review"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"The discourses, opportunities, and constraints in Canberra’s Green Infrastructure planning"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"rev","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0055"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"Nowadays, Australian state and local governments consider Green Infrastructure (GI) planning as a mitigation and adaptation approach to make cities more resilient. Moreover, decision-makers have acknowledged and addressed social values, biodiversity, and habitat connectivity in policy documents. Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), is a unique Australian city since it is totally designed as the National Capital of Australia and is built on a grassland plain, inspired by the Garden City concept. The green and open spaces have a symbolic value, representing Canberra as the national capital. However, Canberra is experiencing increasing urban development pressure, which threatens its green and open spaces. Thus, it is critical to explore the GI status in governance and decision-making in Canberra to guide its future planning. This research explores ten policy documents using a reflexive analysis to interpretatively critique policy documents and to diagnose the existing opportunities and constraints in Canberra’s GI planning. The documents were selected from 4 main defined scopes, Australian Government land-use responsibilities, ACT Government land-use planning and strategy, ACT Government greenspace planning, and Tree management regulations and mechanisms. This research identified dual governance (national/territory) and dual nature character (native/exotic) in the policy documents, which has intensified the complexity of GI planning. Another constraint was the lack of district level planning and a structured bottom-up approach. More flexibility in governance and collaboration between different governance levels and agencies is needed to make a more effective GI network, using the existing opportunities such as open space systems. Although GI principles have been addressed at Canberra’s strategic level, more comprehensive GI planning is needed to address all types of greenspaces."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722001716/pdfft?md5=585d501bacb22509f49382fe54a4422d&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722001716-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"74","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"},{"pii":"S1618866722001455","journalTitle":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","publicationYear":"2022","volumeSupText":"Volume 73","articleNumber":"127602","pageRange":"127602","trace-token":"AAAAQGg-Q53MTiazxoVELOJiBAlNUvedURhGIzxgEBcLnXNh4fOT4Ier-T8gdvaaPxHpDscSzBlCUA5lXeWO_xyXUTp4bXmfBFGi3paHyQ5D4uQSmt94oA","authors":{"content":[{"#name":"author-group","$":{"id":"ag0005"},"$$":[{"#name":"author","$":{"id":"au0005","author-id":"S1618866722001455-59190ce2023c73d760fcc8ae9323ceb6"},"$$":[{"#name":"given-name","_":"Xinxin;Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Post-Doctoral Research Station in Public Administration, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China;Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China;Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,;Department of Urban Planning, School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China;ETSA, University of Seville, Seville, Spain;Instituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, ETSA, University of Seville, 41014 Seville, Spain;Instituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville, Spain;Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco UAM, CyAD, Medio Ambiente, Posgrado en Diseño Bioclimático, Mexico City, Mexico;Review"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"Remote sensing for the assessment of ecosystem services provided by urban vegetation: A review of the methods applied"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":true,"document-subtype":"rev","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0050"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"The study and assessment of ecosystem services through remote sensing has increased substantially over the last two decades, as evidenced by the publication of studies that have applied it. The technological development of satellite images has improved in terms of spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal resolution, allowing the space-time observation, classification and monitoring of vegetation on the surface of the Earth. However, there are remaining methodological challenges for assessing ecosystem services due to the diversity of applications, the resources used, and its study in complex environments such as cities. This systematic review is based on identifying and analysing the variety of methods concerning the application of remote sensing for the assessment of ecosystem services provided by vegetation in cities, through a classification of these methods according to the data collection source (passive sensors, passive and active sensors and the fusion of other data sources with sensors). The classification of methods has been applied to a selection of existing articles in indexed scientific databases based on a non-statistical meta-analysis that make a direct reference to the topic of interest. The results show the approaches found in every method classified, their relationships with the geographical scale and the image resolutions used, and the advantages and limitations from the data processes that comprise remote sensing. We conclude from this analysis with three key factors to consider in the selection of remote sensing methods for the assessment of ecosystem services provided by urban vegetation: the definition of the approach(es), the urban scale to be assessed, and the image resolution available."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0010"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Highlights"},{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0170"},"#name":"para","_":"Various remote sensing methods are applied in the assessment of urban vegetation."}],"$":{"id":"u0170"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0175"},"#name":"para","_":"Studies generally used remote sensing methods for assessing the LULCC, followed by specific regulating ecosystem services."}],"$":{"id":"u0175"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0180"},"#name":"para","_":"Resolutions were found to be related to acquiring open access images rather than the requirement for assessing vegetation."}],"$":{"id":"u0180"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0185"},"#name":"para","_":"Defining specific approaches, geographical scale & image resolution are key factors in the selection of a R.S. method."}],"$":{"id":"u0185"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0190"},"#name":"para","_":"It is increasingly necessary to include other factors that impact on the provision or loss of ecosystem services by vegetation."}],"$":{"id":"u0190"},"#name":"list-item"}],"$":{"id":"li0055"},"#name":"list"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0055"},"#name":"simple-para"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0015"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0015","class":"author-highlights"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722001790/pdfft?md5=2d2ccc69930242301b2b0599484ac900&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722001790-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"74","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"}]},"references":{"content":[{"#name":"bibliography","$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:aep":true,"xmlns:mml":true,"xmlns:xs":true,"xmlns:xlink":true,"xmlns:xocs":true,"xmlns:tb":true,"xmlns:xsi":true,"xmlns:cals":true,"xmlns:sb":true,"xmlns:sa":true,"xmlns:ja":true,"xmlns":true,"id":"bibliog0005","view":"all"},"$$":[{"#name":"section-title","$":{"id":"sect0220"},"_":"References

摘要

Built environment design professionals balance competing requirements for human comfort, aesthetics and ecological integrity in their projects. Among them, landscape designers play an important role in optimising the benefits derived from urban green spaces. This study critically considers value dimensions and domains that impinge on professionals’ decision making and environmental values that are applicable to built environment design. It specifically identifies the dominant group-based value domains and environmental values in local practice and examines how landscape designers determine the relative importance of competing values in urban South Africa. The study made use of semi-structured interviews with long-standing figures in the industry. The findings indicate that the political change, the economy and the varied climate and landscape character are contextual influences that strongly shape regional social constructions of urban nature. These constructions emphasise instrumental utility values that juxtapose fundamental values and overshadow less urgent eudemonistic and intrinsic environmental values. In the design process, designers trade off artistic pursuits for utility values, with implications for aesthetics and quality. The contextual influences undermine value pluralism. Current trade-offs arguably perpetuate a local legacy of the uneven distribution of quality green spaces. Promisingly, designers show environmental concern and value for sustainability, indigenous plants, utility, quality and safety. The potential for designers to strengthen bonds with urban nature lies in the creation of aesthetic experiences that build on existing local affinities to landscape character and indigenous species. Professional bodies have an important task to assist built environment designers in creating cities that preserve human-nature relationships.