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作者

Yoshihiro Tokue;Kazuko Koga;Atsumi Nakamura;Kai Osawa;Kenichi Seki;Fumiko Imamura;Jun Nishihiro

来源

URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.73,Issue1,Article 127512

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

R＆D Center, Nippon Koei Co., Ltd., Tsukuba 300-1259, Japan;Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan;Faculty of Social Systems Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan;Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan;R＆D Center, Nippon Koei Co., Ltd., Tsukuba 300-1259, Japan;Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan;Faculty of Social Systems Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan;Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan;Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA;Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;East Bohemian Museum in Pardubice, Zámek 2, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic;Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;Original article"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"Patterns and determinants of plant, butterfly and beetle diversity reveal optimal city grassland management and green urban planning"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"fla","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0025"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"Urban landscapes are places with high interaction between humans and nature, and the benefit of maintaining their biodiversity to enhance human wellbeing is becoming clear. There is, therefore, an urgent need for understanding what influences biodiversity in cities to inform and influence urban landscape planning. We used a multi-taxa approach (plants, butterflies, and beetles) to assess the influence of the fragmented landscape of a European city, Pardubice (Czech Republic), on the biodiversity of urban grasslands. We randomly selected 40 urban grasslands and were interested in the influences of site and land-use characteristics on biodiversity. The influence of the land-use around the grasslands was analyzed along a gradient of spatial scales (i.e., the cover of land-use types within circular buffer zones of 250, 500, and 750 m around the study grasslands). We found that species richness of the three study taxa was positively influenced by the size of the grassland (measured as grassland perimeter). Butterflies were also negatively affected by increasing management intensity. Plants and beetles were influenced by the land-use type, with plant species richness positively affected by the extent of urban greenings (i.e., green areas such as urban parks, gardens, and sport grounds), and beetle species richness negatively affected by the extent of built-up areas in the grassland surroundings. Biodiversity responses to urbanization partly differed among the studied taxa, indicating different demands of specific groups, but the demands were not conflicting and instead, often complemented each other. Consideration of the three key factors influencing biodiversity identified here (grassland extent, land-use in the surroundings, and management intensity) would provide the optimal options for maintaining city biodiversity. Protecting current urban grasslands from development and restricting construction in their surroundings, restoring city wilderness areas using urban spatial planning, and setting up butterfly-friendly management regimes (e.g., mowing in mosaic) could all be future options to help enhance biodiversity in cities."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0010"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Highlights"},{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0005"},"#name":"para","_":"Multi-taxa approach was used for evaluation of importance of urban grasslands."}],"$":{"id":"u0005"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0010"},"#name":"para","_":"Plants were positively influenced by the extent of urban greenings in the closer surroundings."}],"$":{"id":"u0010"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0015"},"#name":"para","_":"Butterflies were positively influenced by the grassland size and low intensity management."}],"$":{"id":"u0015"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0020"},"#name":"para","_":"Beetles were positively influenced by the size and affected by built-up areas."}],"$":{"id":"u0020"},"#name":"list-item"},{"$$":[{"#name":"label","_":"•"},{"$":{"view":"all","id":"p0025"},"#name":"para","_":"Biodiversity responses differed among taxa, but complemented each other."}],"$":{"id":"u0025"},"#name":"list-item"}],"$":{"id":"li0005"},"#name":"list"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0030"},"#name":"simple-para"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0015"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0015","class":"author-highlights"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722001522/pdfft?md5=64cfe03223fc55a2fb479fdd3959eca9&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722001522-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"73","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"},{"pii":"S1618866722001170","journalTitle":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","publicationYear":"2022","volumeSupText":"Volume 73","articleNumber":"127574","pageRange":"127574","trace-token":"AAAAQHgHAy1NQPz30ZByQMiwoSXmBcGrd_B9O_TMuFFJvyrtZcasXdQO2WcQTJi-OPQHK7nVuwNeiMg125XqI2DOKarUdZJGIMJYdiTkQgmtAPv_b7PpkQ","authors":{"content":[{"#name":"author-group","$":{"id":"ag0005"},"$$":[{"#name":"author","$":{"id":"au0005","author-id":"S1618866722001170-894099f345607bf41d5c1d4e18f250ca"},"$$":[{"#name":"given-name","_":"Allyson B.;The Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Route 53, Lisle, IL 60532, United States;Department of Environmental Horticulture, CLUE, IFAS, University of Florida—Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, 14625 County Road 672, Wimauma, FL 33598, United States;Original article"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"Long-term tree survival and diversity of highway tree planting projects"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"fla","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"sp0070"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"Long-term, multi-decade research on planted tree survival in urban settings is sparse. One understudied urban environment is highway rights-of-way (ROW), lands adjacent to high-speed, unsignalized roadways. We conducted a re-inventory of tree planting cohorts in northern Illinois, U.S. on a 48 km-long highway near Chicago which were 10-, 21-, and 30-years old to evaluate long-term patterns of survival and diversity. Using each randomly selected planting site along the highway as a unit of observation and analysis, we compared the number of trees documented in record drawing to the number of trees currently alive to determine percent survival. We evaluated 224 planting sites which originally contained 2944 trees and collected data about the planting site location. For the oldest cohort, 26% of trees were still alive in 2018 (median survival by species = 16%, Q1 = 0%, Q3 = 48%), while 31% of the 21-year-old cohort (med. = 6%, Q1 = 0%, Q3 = 47%) and 86% of the 10-year-old cohort were still alive (med. = 85%, Q1 = 74%, Q3 = 96%). The survival of the 21- and 30-year-old cohort matches urban tree survival estimates by other researchers, while the 10-year-old survival is higher than expected. The only planting location characteristic that significantly affected survival was traffic islands (areas between the highway and entrance/exit ramps). Species with low drought tolerance were less likely to be alive for the 30-year-old cohort. Waterlogging tolerant species were more likely to be alive in the 10-year-old cohort. Since some species in the 21- and 30-year-old cohorts had very low survival, the tree species richness and diversity s in study areas declined between the initial record drawings and reinventory. This study demonstrates the challenges of maintaining long-term survival and diversity in the highway ROW and emphasizes the importance of species selection."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0010"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"ab0010","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722001170/pdfft?md5=b7eb2bad9b876f6ea3fe19c96b2e994d&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722001170-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"73","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"},{"pii":"S1618866722000759","journalTitle":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","publicationYear":"2022","volumeSupText":"Volume 71","articleNumber":"127532","pageRange":"127532","trace-token":"AAAAQHgHAy1NQPz30ZByQMiwoSXmBcGrd_B9O_TMuFFJvyrt8Z66GBtVHjbIVL5fE3G8-nL1w8nen9q1Q8iASKcX8bZsdRqLNUokCPJa6XGufSAt_4UwLQ","authors":{"content":[{"#name":"author-group","$":{"id":"ag0005"},"$$":[{"#name":"author","$":{"id":"au0005","author-id":"S1618866722000759-028969d7c2bda1ce1205fa6046007e7f"},"$$":[{"#name":"given-name","_":"Jiansheng;Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China;Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;School of Public Administration, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China;Department of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University, 1268-50, Samnangjin-ro, Samnangjin-eup, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50463, Republic of Korea;Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul, Seoulsiripdae-ro 163, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea;Original article"}]},{"#name":"title","$":{"id":"tit0005"},"_":"Socio-ecological restoration of cultural forests: The case of the Gyeongju historic areas in South Korea"}],"floats":[],"footnotes":[],"attachments":[]},"openArchive":false,"openAccess":false,"document-subtype":"fla","content-family":"serial","contentType":"JL","abstract":{"$$":[{"$$":[{"$":{"id":"sect0005"},"#name":"section-title","_":"Abstract"},{"$$":[{"$":{"view":"all","id":"spar0045"},"#name":"simple-para","_":"This study seeks to provide a more holistic understanding of traditional forest management. Focusing on cultural/historical sites, this paper highlights the values attributed to historical and cultural landscapes. To restore traditional landscapes and their values, we identified all of the tree species that are currently present in the Oreung royal tomb grove and Gyerim sacred grove in the city of Gyeongju, located in the southeastern area of the Korean peninsula, and compared this to the historical list of species found in these areas by consulting historical documents and old illustrations. The results revealed that a large number of species not part of the original design are present in both the Oreung royal tomb grove (12.51 %) and the Gyerim sacred grove (33.14 %) of the total trees, respectively. Our findings highlight the importance of conserving culturally important species following traditional management strategies to restore historical/cultural landscapes of the past rather than simply increasing biological diversity. This study offers a more comprehensive understanding of the management of traditional forests by incorporating historical and ecological perspectives and suggests future strategies for the conservation of traditional forests."}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abst0005"},"#name":"abstract-sec"}],"$":{"view":"all","id":"abs0005","class":"author"},"#name":"abstract"}],"$":{"xmlns:ce":true,"xmlns:dm":true,"xmlns:sb":true},"#name":"abstracts"},"pdf":{"urlType":"download","url":"/science/article/pii/S1618866722000590/pdfft?md5=d341333be48f6e92a14657fa46aff853&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866722000590-main.pdf"},"iss-first":"","vol-first":"69","isThirdParty":false,"issn-primary-unformatted":"16188667","issn-primary-formatted":"1618-8667"},{"pii":"S1618866722001388","journalTitle":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","publicationYear":"2022","volumeSupText":"Volume 73","articleNumber":"127595","pageRange":"127595","trace-token":"AAAAQHgHAy1NQPz30ZByQMiwoSXmBcGrd_B9O_TMuFFJvyrt4Zh-YCUgWXKldjVG-PJnT4WnNQPn3k8hthCPHLZQHKH89nrcb0bKrw41blz4LPBxweYnwg","authors":{"content":[{"#name":"author-group","$":{"id":"ag0005"},"$$":[{"#name":"author","$":{"id":"au0005","author-id":"S1618866722001388-c7e0e7cbb9ff9eb9681575b1f2969a3a"},"$$":[{"#name":"given-name","_":"Xinlei;Edinburgh School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;School of Design and Arts, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China

摘要

There is a growing interest in the health improvement functions of green spaces. Natural sounds have various effects on the human mind and body and this positive effect is a cultural service of the ecosystem; however, the mechanisms of these effects are poorly understood. This study investigated the psychological effects of diverse orthoptera calls on Japanese university people. Sixty-five participants were exposed to seven different sound sources, which comprised 1–4 different species, and then asked to answer questions on impressions and preferences. We compared the differences in preference scores according to species and number of species. Factor analysis was used to identify the common factors of impressions. Structural equation modeling was used to understand the influence of participants’ attributes on their preferences. The results showed that as the number of species increased, the sound preference score increased. As a result of the factor analysis of the impressions, the factors Calm, Gorgeous, Musicality, and Deep were extracted; the factor scores of Gorgeous and Musicality increased as the number of species increased. Both, the inclusion of certain species and an increased diversity of species, increased the score. The combination of multiple species resulted in a favorable evaluation due to the harmonization of sounds and diversification of rhythms on the time axis. The results showed that the presence of diverse species of orthopteran calls has a positive effect on humans; orthopteran sounds are assumed to have psychological restorative effects. However, since the influence of the participants’ attributes on preference was unclear in this result, further research is required to understand the effects of racial and cultural backgrounds, age, place of residence and personal attributes. Diverse orthopteran calls are an ecosystem service that contribute to the quality of the soundscape.