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作者

Justin Morgenroth;Frank A. La Sorte;Jehane Samaha

来源

URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.68,Issue1,Article 127468

语言

英文

关键字

Diversity;Exotic species;Indigenous species;Native species;Nurseries;Restoration;Urban forestry

作者单位

New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand;Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA;The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, Philadelphia, PA, USA;Forest & Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand;Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA;The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, Philadelphia, PA, USA;Forest & Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

摘要

Nurseries play an important role providing trees for a variety of managed environments including urban forests. The diversity of urban forests and forest restoration projects are influenced by nursery species availability, and as such, there is a need to better understand tree species diversity at nurseries. We collected tree species lists from 75 nurseries throughout New Zealand, which were used to describe species richness (alpha diversity) and to examine similarity in the composition of native and non-native species assemblages among nurseries (beta diversity) at three spatial scales: island, region, city. Together, the nurseries grew 863 species, 174 of which were native to New Zealand, from 312 genera and 130 families. Nurseries grew significantly more non-native species (μ = 63.5, σ = 60.6) than native species on average (μ = 31.7, σ = 22.7) (t = 2.99, df = 48.45, p = 0.004). Beta diversity for native and non-native tree species were only significantly different at the scale of cities or regions, not at the larger scale of islands. Few species were grown in all cities or all regions and the majority of those that were common were native species. In contrast, non-native species dominated the unique species at all spatial scales, (i.e., species uniquely grown in one city, region, or island). By quantifying tree species diversity in New Zealand’s nurseries, this research provides a basis to better understand the influence that nurseries have on urban and peri-urban tree diversity, and ultimately how that diversity impacts resilience and the provision of ecosystem services.