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作者

来源

ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE,Vol.46,Issue1,P.179-200

语言

英文

关键字

Compact urban form; mixed land use; ozone pollution; spatial regression model; Korea; LAND-USE; SPRAWL; HEALTH; TRANSPORTATION; DENSITY; GROWTH; WAR

作者单位

[Kang, Jung Eun] Pusan Natl Univ, Urban Planning, Dept Urban Engn, Busan, South Korea. [Yoon, D. K.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea. [Bae, Hyun-Joo] Korea Environm Inst, Yeongi Gun, South Korea. Yoon, DK (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea. E-Mail: dkyoon@yonsei.ac.kr

标签

城市环境,城市形态,土地利用 | 其他

摘要

Air quality is affected by the interplay between emission sources and urban planning factors such as land use, built environment, development pattern, and transportation. Few empirical studies have been conducted to determine the influence of urban form characteristics on air quality in Korea. Thus, the purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between urban form and air pollution, focusing on ozone pollution in Korea. The characteristics of urban form include density, concentration, clustering, and land use mix. In this study, those characteristics were measured by population density, the Theil index, Moran's I index, G-statistic values, and an entropy index using statistical methods and a geographic information system. We employed a spatial regression model to consider the spatial effects of ozone concentrations. We found that the degree of urban land use mix, clustering, and concentration of development are significantly associated with better air quality by using a spatial lag model, which was found to be the best fit for the data used in this study. However, an increase in population density was found to be associated with exacerbated ozone concentrations. Communities with higher daily temperatures, a large number of cars, and polluting facilities exhibited poor air quality, while those with a larger percentage of residential land use tended to have lower ozone pollution. These findings suggest that, to properly address concerns over air quality, mixed-land use and compact urban form need to be more seriously considered in sustainable urban planning. 空气质量受到排放源与各种城市规划因素，如土地利用、建筑环境、发展模式、交通等相互作用的影响。在韩国，很少有用来确定城市形态特征对空气质量影响的实证研究。因此，此项研究旨在探讨城市形态与空气污染之间的关系，重点研究发生在韩国的臭氧污染。城市形态的特征包括密度、浓度、集聚性和用地结构。在此项研究中，我们用人口密度、泰尔指数、莫兰I指数、G-统计值、熵指数等统计方法和地理信息系统对这些特征进行了测量。我们使用空间回归模型来考虑臭氧浓度的空间效应。我们利用空间滞后模型发现，城市用地结构、人口集聚度和开发集中度与较好的空气质量之间存在着明显的相关性，空间滞后模型被发现与此项研究所使用的数据最为契合。然而，人口密度的增加被发现与臭氧浓度的加剧有关。白天气温较高、汽车数量较多、污染设施较多的社区空气质量较差，而居住用地比例较大的社区臭氧污染则较轻。这些研究结果表明，要正确应对对空气质量的担忧，需要在可持续的城市规划中更认真地考虑混合用地和紧凑型的城市形态。