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中文标题

案例城市：柏林移民群体期望的基础设施

作者

来源

Master's

语言

英文

关键字

主题语

Social sciences , Communication and the arts , Applied sciences , Actor-network , Architecture , Berlin , Infrastructure , Refugee , Syria

标签

城市规划,城市人口,基础设施 | 德国

摘要

Ragged tears in walls and roofs caused by bombs and gunfire exist in the memories of refugees. They carry their dead every day, and those fortunate enough to not know the death of a loved one, bear a looming sense of terror every time the phone rings or a family member cannot be reached. If we begin our understanding of this topic through the lens that Lebbeus Woods provided, we can understand that the refugee begins their journey as a dis-assemblage - A forceful removal from the places they call home, the situations that make up their individual daily rituals, and the people that love and support them. By acknowledging an individuality if experience it becomes clear that a single universal solution is an impossible dream when addressing the issues surrounding refugee dis-assemblage, migration and their subsequent re-assemblage in a new host country. Similarly, a singular territorialized architectural solution does little more than enhance the “Us and Them” mentality by providing a specialized response to a single group ofpeople. In response this thesis offers a system of infrastructural additions that act as an interface between refugee needs, bureaucratic requirements and societal expectations in order to enhance opportunities for successful re-assemblage in a host country. This thesis focuses on the challenges for re-assemblage refugees encounter in Berlin, Germany - A city with its own xenophobic baggage, but one with a history that includes policy change in order to accept a large Turkish workforce in the 1960s. Furthermore, this investigation examines the current bureaucratic system and how it handles asylum seekers. It will not try to undermine or ignore its functions, but instead provide a symbiont addition which can address the refugees needs as individuals, the German social apparatus as a collective set of needs and desires, and projects a hopeful future for these future Berliners as they reassemble in their new home. At its most base, this thesis proposes a theoretical framework focused on the bureaucratic, economic and social flows and blockages in Berlin to refugee integration. It discusses a method by which we can dissipate the force of these flows of people while not dismissing the pragmatics of governance, matters of economy, interest in preserving identity and trust of the host city and country. This approach increases porosity for migrant and refugee communities in Berlin. It does so from a position rooted in lived experience, placing emphasis on those on the ground in Berlin, opposed to empirical data that can be accessed from anywhere in the world. 难民的回忆中存在着由战争造成的墙倒屋塌。他们每天与死亡相伴，而那些有幸未得到亲人死讯的人，每当电话响起或无法联系到家人时，都会产生恐惧感。如果我们通过利布斯•伍茨的镜头开始了解这个话题的话，我们就可以理解这些难民是以离散人群而开始他们难民旅程的，这种情形构成了他们个人的日常生活。如果对这种个体体验有所了解的话，那么，在应对周边难民离散这类问题时，显然就不可能存在一种单一的、普遍适用的解决方案。同样，一个单一的地域化的结构性解决方案也无助于通过对单一群体的专业化响应而增强“我们和他们”的心态。为了回应这一问题，本文提供了一个基础设施的补充体系，该体系在难民需求、官方要求和社会期望之间扮演着接口的作用，以增加难民接受国成功解决亲人离散问题的一个契机。本文聚焦于德国柏林在解决难民离散方面遭遇的挑战。柏林是一个有排外情节的城市，但也是一个有包容性的城市，上世纪六十年代，柏林就接受了大量的土耳其劳工。此外，这项调查还考察了目前的官僚体系，以及它是如何处理寻求庇护者的。本文不试图破坏或忽略官僚体系的功能，而是提供一种共生的补充，它可以应对作为难民个体的需求，这种补充体系就是作为一套集体需求和愿望的德国社会机构，这是一个为那些来柏林安家落户的人带来希望的体系。作为本文的立足点，笔者提出了一个理论框架，该框架侧重于介绍柏林的官僚体系、经济和社会的流动，以及影响难民融合的各种障碍。文章讨论了一种方法，我们用这种方法可以排除人们流动的力量，同时不排除治理、经济问题、保存认同和对东道国和城市信任的利益的务实性。这种方法增加了柏林移民和难民社区的空隙。与世界各地都可以得到的经验性资料不同，它从一种根植于生活体验的立场出发，突出了柏林当地人的实际体验。