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作者

来源

URBAN ECOSYSTEMS,Vol.22,Issue1SI,P.1-17

语言

英文

关键字

Visionmaker; Climate adaptation; Green infrastructure; Urban estuary; Community-based planning; CITY PANEL; CLIMATE; ADAPTATION; SCIENCE

作者单位

[Giampieri, Mario A.; Fisher, Kim; Moy, Jesse; Sanderson, Eric W.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Giampieri, Mario A.] MIT, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [DuBois, Bryce; Allred, Shorna] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, 102 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bunting-Howarth, Katherine] Cornell Univ, New York Sea Grant, 112 Rice Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Giampieri, MA (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA.; Giampieri, MA (reprint author), MIT, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. E-Mail: mariogiampieri@gmail.com

标签

城市规划,基础设施,城市气候 | 美国

摘要

Resilience to extreme weather events and other sudden changes is an issue facing many communities in the early twenty-first century. Planning to respond to disasters is particularly complicated in densely inhabited, multi-jurisdictional urban social-ecological systems like the watershed of Jamaica Bay, a large urbanized estuary on the south side of New York City. This area contains parklands managed by New York City, the National Park Service, and other agencies, four sewage treatment plants, three former landfills, and urban and suburban communities, all of which were heavily impacted by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. Here successful resilience planning and response requires participation from a wide variety of government and civil society players each with different types of knowledge, value systems, and expectations about what resilience means. To investigate how visions of future resilience differed among several communities living in or concerned with Jamaica Bay, New York, we deployed a free, Internet-based modeling framework called Visionmaker that enabled interactive scenario creation and testing. Through a series of standardized workshops, we recruited participants from a variety of different communities of practice (i.e. researchers, land managers, educators, non-governmental organization staff, and community board members) to design visions of resilience. Visions spanned terrestrial and marine environments and contained natural and built ecosystems. Most users favored increasing resilience through expanding salt marsh and green infrastructure while, for the most part, keeping the built city landscape of streets and buildings intact. We compare and contrast these visions and discuss the implications for future resilience planning in coastal cities.