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作者

来源

EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES,Vol.26,Issue8,P.1580-1597

语言

英文

关键字

Urban shrinkage; shrinking city; urban planning; small and medium-sized cities; Russia; POST-SOCIALIST EUROPE; REVITALIZATION; STRATEGIES; GOVERNANCE; TRANSITION; GERMANY; DECLINE; AGENDA; STATES; POLICY

作者单位

[Batunova, Elena] Politecn Milan, Dept Architecture & Urban Studies, Via Bonardi 3, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Gunko, Maria] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geog, Moscow, Russia. Batunova, E (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dept Architecture & Urban Studies, Via Bonardi 3, I-20133 Milan, Italy. E-Mail: elena.batunova@polimi.it

标签

城市规划,城市更新,城市空间 | 俄罗斯

摘要

Shrinkage since the collapse of state socialism has been evident in many Russian cities, especially in small and medium-sized (SMS) ones. The Russian state, de jure, has been promoting the idea of self-governance; thereby, urban municipalities ought to develop and adopt own planning decisions to cope with various challenges, including those related to depopulation. The current research focuses on planning responses to urban shrinkage. It aims at understanding how the phenomenon is conceptualized in the planning documents of Russian SMS cities and what solutions are proposed to cope with it in the conditions inherited from the Soviet times housing and infrastructural deficit. The empirical evidence for the analysis is drawn from over 70 SMS cities located in Central and Southern Russia. Results state that despite obvious and persisting urban shrinkage, most of the reviewed documents ignore or underestimate the phenomenon. Instead of suggesting flexible solutions, which would help overcome the shortage of urban infrastructure not aggravating shrinkages' effects in the cityscape, long-term spatial plans are being developed with hope for future growth proposing measures that contribute to the intensification of urban sprawl and fragmentation. 自从国家社会主义崩溃以来，许多俄罗斯城市收缩明显，尤其是中小型（SMS）城市。俄罗斯联邦，从法律上说，一直在推动自治理念；因此，城市市政当局应制定并采取自己的规划决策，以应对各种挑战，包括与人口减少有关的挑战。目前的研究重点是规划对于城市收缩做出的反应。它的目的是了解俄罗斯中小型城市的规划文件中是如何概念化这一现象对，以及在苏联时代的住房和基础设施赤字所遗留的条件下提出了哪些解决方案。分析的实证证据来自位俄罗斯中部和南部的70多个中小型城市。结果表明，尽管城市收缩明显且持续存在，但大多数经我们审阅的文件中都忽视或低估了这一现象。这些文件并没有提出灵活的解决方案，它们将有助于克服城市基础设施的短缺并防止城市的进一步收缩，而是在制定了长期空间规划，希望未来的增长能带来有助于提升城市扩张和碎片化的措施。